About 300 years ago, a young clerk, probably bored out of
his gourd while transcribing records, doodled on a page in the land index of
the Memorials of Deeds at Henrietta Street in Dublin.
I stumbled across this at end of a day spent researching the Jacksons
of Co. Longford. Since I had not come up with much that day, this
was a welcome treat – albeit inconsequential.
Like so many Jackson lines in the early post-Cromwellian
years, the first known lease-holder of this Co. Longford family was named: Richard Jackson. There are many Richard
Jacksons, but there is no proof (as yet) that the Jacksons of Co. Longford are
connected to any of them. Even so, I have included a list of possible suspects in
a table at the end of this post.
The starting point for the Co. Longfort Jacksons comes from Benthams Abstracts, where Richard Jackson was described as
being of Tinenane, Co. Longford. In
later deeds, Tinenane aka Tenenare was referred to as Cullivore. This shape-shifting of names
leads people like me down all sorts of dead-ended rabbit holes. I finally learned
that the double-barreled name of Ballindagny
and Cullyvore – aka Tinenane –
actually refers to a single townland in the Mostrim Parish, Barony of
Ardagh, Curiously, this
townland is just to the west of
Edgeworthstown. It is not beside other townlands which Richard Jackson and his son
Philip Jackson leased in 1715. Unlike Tinenane,
the townlands of Culloge,
Cam
and Monadarragh,
are all east of Edgeworthstown.
ROD: 24-379-14080 1715
Jul 1 Image
519. Btw Robert MONTGOMERY of Anarea, Co. Monaghan Esq. & Capt. David
FAIRFIELD of Rawaldren Co. Longford of the one part and Richard JACKSON and Philip JACKSON & sd the said Richard’s son of Cullivore Co. Longford
of the other pt. Whereby said Robert MONTGOMERY
and David FARFIELD demised to Richard
& Philip JACKSON town and lands of Cologe [Culloge,
Parish of Mostrim,
in the Barony of Ardagh],
and Munadaragh [Monadarragh],
together with the proportion of Cambog [Cam],
Suitable for the said Lands and Appurtenances thereunto belonging and situate
in the Barony of Ardagh and Co of Longford to hold to the said Richard and Philip JACKSON… rent
of 48 pounds .. WITNESS: Roger JONES George JACKSON Laughlin CULLEN and Hugh
CARNEY all in Barony Ardagh Co. Longford Gent. Richard JACKSON [SEAL] in
presence of George JACKSON James WILDE.
NOTE: In the 1670s, John NUGENT
held lands of Monadarragh and Hugh FARRELL and John NUGENT held Cowloge aka Cologe
aka Culloge,
NOTE: David and Elizabeth FAIRFIELD
had a son David born circa 1695 in Ardagh, Co Longford.
SEE ALSO: ROD: 16-1-6720 also on 1715 Jul 1: David
FAIRFIELD of Ravaldrin Co. Longford Gent & Robert MONTGOMERY of Anarea, Co.
Monaghan Gent. 1 pt & Mungo CAMPBELL of Stokestanme (?) Westmeath of the other pt – leased Curragh
or Bogg part of lands of Camiagh [Cam],
Monnederragh [Monadarragh],
Clanaheelagh [Clonwhelan],
in Barony of Ardagh, Co Longford, for ever at 1 peppercorn yrly if requested
and a fine of £10 every 21 yrs. NOTE: Mungo
CAMPBELL was a merchant from Glasgow.
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In land conveyancing there is what is called a “negative search”,
done to rule out any unexpected or spurious claims to title. It can be just as
important to be able to prove what did not
happen as well as what did happen.
Out of the 37 post-1641 land confiscations
in the Barony of Ardagh, there were no Jacksons mentioned in the Cromwellian Land Grants. Thanks to the Down Survey – so called
because it was done by surveyors laying down
a chain - it is at least possible to track the earlier ownership of the townlands
where Jacksons held leases in 1715 so we can start to close the gap.
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It is significant that the Nugents and Farrells continued to
lease land in the parish of Mostrim
long after the post-Cromwellian land confiscations. Since they were Catholic,
there were likely mitigating circumstances which protected them. Their names also
surface in future leases concerning the same townlands where Jacksons held
leases. Finally, Sir James Shean, who leased several townlands after the
confiscations, gave up his Co. Longford leases sometime around 1665. Who leased
or bought them next? Were these next owners connected in some way to Shaen either
through family, business or military service?
Sir James Shaen aka Shane was the Surveyor General of
Ireland, and was married to Lady Frances Fitzgerald, daughter of George
Fitzgerald. He had a leg up early in life after his father Francis, a
blacksmith, was knighted by Sir Arthur Chichester (1563-1625). Francis Shaen was known
for his insensitive and culturally repressive actions against the previous Irish
gentry.
In
reward for all these services, Francis Shane was honoured with a knighthood by Chichester,
and King James I. rewarded him with several grants of lands in Galway, | Longford, Meath, and
Westmeath. (See Pat. Rolls, 10 Jac. I., p. 244.) Sir James Shane, or Shaen, in 1657,
bought confiscated lands of the ancient Irish proprietors in Leinster and
Munster for £3,000, which, in 1665, were worth £3,500 a| year. SOURCE:
Irish
Builder and Engineer Vol 35
Connections between Shaen and the Farrells, one of the
pre-Cromwellian families with lands in the Parish of Mostrim, sheds light on
their circumstances:
January
27, 1609.—James O’Farrell
being in London on behalf of his estate and other poor inhabitants in Ireland,
and being impeded in his movements in that behalf by the heirs and executors of
Sir Nicholas Malby, and also Sir Francis Shaen, presents a petition
to Lord Salisbury, showing that the inhabitants of the County Longford are heavily charged for beeves and taxes, and
having already paid £400 out of £600 arrearages, prays that the King may be
pleased to discharge further arrearages and growing rents, and promising to
yield to the King as much as will be yielded out of any ploughland in Ireland.”
SOURCE: The History of Co. Longford. James P.
Farrell. 1891 page 48.
Pat.
6, XXII., page 132.—“ General pardon to Richard Nugent, Knt.,
Lord Baron of Delvyn.-—26 September. 6th.” LIX. 8.-—“ King’s letter for an
inquisition to ascertain the several former estates of the O’Ferralls, and other
inhabitants of Longford County, and for a re-grant
of the same to them respectively, reserving a rent of £23, English, mentioned
in the grants of these lands, formerly made to Lord and Lady Delvin, which
grants have been surrendered; and reserving such other rents, services, etc., as
are due to the Crown for said lands ; also reserving, for the defence of the
Castle of Bellabeg, such portion of land as shall be thought meet, and for
settling the controversy between Sir Francis Shaen, Knt., and the O’Farralls and said other inhabitants of Longford, concerning the rent of 120 beoves, payable by
them to said Sir Francis, as farmer of the Manor of Granard; Sir Francis to receive
for the arrear of 1% years, 20s. for every beef ; for every beef due before
that time, 10s., English, in satisfaction of all arrears. Said Sir Francis
Shaen being but lessee for years, the Lord Deputy to further him in the future
collection of said rent.— 16 May. 6th.” SOURCE: The History of Co. Longford. James P.
Farrell. 1891 page 57-58.
As for Sir John Shaen, since he died in 1695, and since Richard
Jackson was already living at Tenenare sometime before 1715, there is a gap here
of up to 20 years. David Fairfield and Robert Montgomery fill in at least some
part of it.
Although according
to Oscar Wilde, Burke’s Peerage: … is the
one book a young man about town should know thoroughly, and it is the best
thing in fiction the English have
ever done! it still has its research uses. According to Burkes,
Robert Montgomery married into the well heeled and influential Leslie family of
Co. Monaghan, and had an ancestor from Ayreshire who had served in the
mid-1600s army. It is possible that his and the Jackson families would have
known each other from shared army experience. This is not such a stretch. SEE: 1653
Presbyterian Removals.
Other than the 1715
lease, there is one other mention that links Robert Montgomery and Richard Jackson
in Edgeworthstown aka Mostrim:
ROD: 45-440-28854 Image
236 1724 Jul 23. BTW Richard EDGEWORTH of Edgeworthstown, Co. Longford
Esq of 1 pt & Robert MONTGOMERY
of Anarea Co. Monaghan Esq of the other pt. EDGEWORTH demised land in
Edgeworthstown held by Patrick ROACH Innholder … WITNESS: Willoughby PERRY of
Edgeworthstown Merchant & Richard JACKSON
of Tinenare Co. Longford, Gent … NOTE:
This Richard EDGEWORTH was the grandfather of the celebrated author, Maria EDGEWORTH Her
novel Castle Rackrent is well worth reading as a fictional satire of Anglo-Irish landlords.
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The next links worth mentioning connect Robert Montgomery with
the POOLE family. This is of consequence because two of Richard Poole’s daughters married two sons of Richard
Jackson - Philip Jackson married Jane Poole and George Jackson married Mary
Poole. Both Robert Montgomery and the Pooles held lands in Thomas Court & Donore,
a part of the suburbs of the City of Dublin connected to the clothing trades.
ROD:
85-109-59267. 1729 Apr 18. Image
62 BTW Jacob POOLE of City of
Dublin Clothier of 1 pt & Robert MONTGOMERY of Newmarket in Liberties of Thomas Court
& Donore Co. Dublin Clothier whereby Jacob POOLE demised to Robert
MONTGOMERY house then in occupancy of Robert MONTGOMERY bounded on the East
by another holding belonging to Jacob POOLE and on the north by Mr. WINRIGHT’s
holding together with the use of the Shore on the Premises … for 99 years.
WITNESS: Moses BRUGUIERE of City of Dublin Merchant & Robert BOYTON then
clerk to John SMITH Public Notary
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Contemporary
satellite photos show that the old Tenter Fields, where clothiers once dried
their cloth, have become mostly light industrial and are just to the west of the
streets of Newmarket, Jackson Alley and Poole Street. All are within a couple
of blocks of each other, so it is no surprise that families of the Montgomerys,
Jacksons and Pooles all had several members described as Clothiers and the
like. This is a topic for a whole other post.
In the meantime, I have compiled a page on Jacksons mentioned in Dublin Deeds and it is worth
following the names of POOLE and JACKSON. My research
on these interconnections is incomplete, but in time it will likely find
connections between the Descendants of Richard JACKSON of Tinenare, Co. Longford, Robert
JACKSON of Crooked Staff - Descendants
and/or Michael JACKSON,
Clothier of Pimlico.
But back to Co. Longford. Because Richard Jackson could
afford the annual rent of £48 for a lease held jointly with his son Philip for three
townlands of Culloge,
Cam
and Monadarragh,
we know that he was part of that class referred to as “gentleman farmers”, a
class that often saw the twin occupations of both farmer and clothier. In 1722,
one of Jackson’s leases mentions a Mill and Mill race, a not inconsiderable
asset to add to the farmland, and which was likely used for grinding grain. Going
from Griffiths
maps, it would appear that this mill was on the border of Abbey Lands, so
it could have predated Richard Jackson’ occupancy. Regardless, it meant that he not only oversaw the growing of
crops, owned milling infrastructure, but also likely charged others for the
benefit of milling their crops.
During the next 200 years of the Jacksons tenancy in the
Parish of Mostrim, Co.
Longford, the family often had to raise funds by mortgaging and remortgaging
their land. That was how financing was handled before banks developed the kinds
of lending infrastructure that we have today. Much of the lending occurred
between family members, neighbours and business colleagues. This is what makes
the Deeds Registry such fertile ground for research, and decades of deeds
reveal that the Jackson family in the
parish of Mostrim
retained an unbroken presence on the land.
As one would expect from a successful “vertically integrated
enterprise” – including a farm and a mill – subsequent generations rose into
the professional and merchant classes. Some of the Co. Longford descendants
became professionals who were based in the city of Dublin. John Jackson and William
Jackson of Paradise Road in City of Dublin still held the family lands in Mostrim more than a hundred years after Richard
Jackson’s initial 1715 lease:
ROD: 822-504-553639.
1827 Jan 10. EDGEWORTH 1825-1827 Image
293 BTW John JACKSON of Paradise
Row, City of Dublin Gent of 1st pt; Sidney DUIGAN[?] of
Richmond Co. Dublin widow & executrix of John DUIGAN (late of Capel St,
City of Dublin Esq. deceased) of 2nd pt; Lovell EDGEWORTH of
Edgeworthstown
[Parish Mostrim]
Co. Longford Esq of 3rd pt.
Reciting 31 Jan 1822 Lovell EDGEWORTH in consid of £500 paid by John JACKSON
confirmed to John JACKSON lands of Lackan
[Parish Mostrim] and
[many] other lands in said deed [not listed here] in Co. Longford … on North
side of Turnpike Road leading from Edgeworthstown to Longford containing 52a
3r 18p Irish plantation measure and also all that other part of town and
land of Lackin situate on South side of the said Turnpike Road containing
165a 2r 19p in Parish of Mastim [Mostrim] Barony Ardagh
Co. Longford and also lands of Ballymacwilliam Oughter [Ballymacwilliam]
one of the said Cartrons of Lisserdowlin in Parish of Temple Michael Templemichael
Barony Ardagh Co. Longford containing 72a and also land known as
Cartron Capple being a another Cartron and part of the Cartron of
Ballymacwilliam Oughter [Ballymacwilliam]
of Lisserdowlin containing 108a 3r 10p and also townlands of Cloonacasney
orse Clonahusly another of the Cartons of Lisserdowlin [Lissardowlan]
containing 91a 2r 27p and also townland of Tuerfin another of the Cartons of
Lissdowlin [Lissardowlan]
containing 65a 14p in Parish Temple Michael [Templemichael ]
Barony Ardagh Co. Longford & also lands of Aghanevin orse Whyhalman orse
Eylealonan commonly called the Carton of Lissardowlin [Lissardowlan]
and part of Fyhalman in last mentioned parish and Barony Co. Longford
containing 93a 9p and also lands of Aughanckan another of the Cartrons of
Lisserdowlin [Lissardowlan]
containing 54a 3r 6p and part of lands of Cartonreagh Parish Mastrim [Parish Mostrim] Barony
Ardagh containing 74a 3r 35p and parts of Lands of Rossmine and Garryduffe in
Parish Clonbrony [Clonbroney]
Barony Ardagh Co. Longford and lands of Killenawse orse Killenawase and
Garrynegree Coolennerigan and part of Rossmine in Parish Granard & Barony
Granard cont 95a 3r 5p and lands commonly called Breeghuire orse Brehy [Breaghy
] in Parish Clontrough orse Clonbrony [Clonbroney] Barony
Ardagh Co. Longford containing 80a 22p and also lands Kilderine orse
Kildereene [Kilderreen
] and Shinoe orse Shiroe [Sheeroe
] with the Mill thereon or on part therof erected and built containing 63a 2r
9p in Co. Longford to hold to said Lowell EDGEWORTH … said Sidney DUIGAN
Executrix of John DUIGAN deceased at request of John JACKSON granted to
Lowell EDGEWORTH …WITNESS: John COLE of City of Dublin Gent & Sidney
PARKER. John JACKSON [SEAL] NOTE:
Sidney PARKER was a widow – see beneath
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Some of the subsequent holdings of the descendants of
Richard Jackson likely came about through marriage. For example, by 1832, Philip
Jackson, who had married Jane Poole a daughter of Richard Poole, was residing
in Ballinrahin
Civil Parish of Clonsast,
in the Barony of Coolestown,
Kings Co.[ see also: Deeds mentioning JACKSONs & POOLEs.]
ROD: 69-423-49009. 1732 Sep 4. Btw Richard
POOLE of City of Dublin Joyner one of the sons of Richard POOLE late of Earl St in the Liberty of Thomas Court
& Donore and Co Dublin Gent & Philip JACKSON of Ballinrahn [Ballinrahin,
Parish of Clonsast,
in the Barony of Coolestown,]
Kings Co farmer and intermarried with Jane POOLE one of the daughters of the
said Richard POOLE the elder, and who is also the executor of the last
will of George JACKSON deceased who intermarried with Mary POOLE
one of the daughters of said Richard POOLE, and Susannah GEORGE als
POOLE of the said city widow, also one of the daughters of the said Richard
the elder & Robert POOLE of Dublin Tinplate worker & son of Richard
POOLE elder.. sold lands of Coshina [Cushina
Parish of Clonsast,
in the Barony of Coolestown,]
and Monavaine, Barony of Coolistowne, Kings Co… and lands on Earls St in
Liberty of Thomas Court & lands of Ballynowland, barony of Coolistown [Coolestown] Kings Co…NOTE: George
JACKSON, husband of Mary POOLE of Moneydonagh died before 1732. NOTE:
See also: JACKSON-GILL Book Index 1708-1729 Joseph JACKSON, Cork
Street, Liberty of Donore, Dubin, weaver 1722 Jan
11 NAMES: Joseph JACKSON; Joseph GILL; Mr. POWER; Thomas WESTON; Jacob POOLE; George CULLIN; Rebecca
SMITH; Michael SMITH; Michael SMITH jr.; Hannah SMITH; Joseph ROSE; William
BARRY; Bruen WORTHINGTON. PLACES: Cork St, & Earl St. both in the Liberty
of Donore, Co. Dublin.
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It is likely significant that about two decades later, at
the time of the Griffiths Valuation, a Mathew
Jackson held a lease at Kilnantoge
Lower. This is a townland on the eastern border of Ballinrahin.
He also held leases at Kilnantoge
Upper. Although the web of connections between the Jacksons from Co.
Longford and those from Kings Co. is a line of enquiry for another day, it is
worth noting in this piece that Phillip Jackson’s holdings not only included
lands in Kings Co. but also on Meath Street in the Suburbs of City of Dublin.
ROD: 121-511-83800. 1746 Jul 3. Image
577 Btw Philip JACKSON of Callogue, Co. Longford Gent & Richard
JACKSON of City of Dublin eldest son of Philip JACKSON of the 1
pt & Mary McCALLY widow of Monescriba, Co. Longford of other pt. Richard
JACKSON in consid of 76 pounds 2s 3p paid by Mary McCALLY granted town
and lands of Callogue and lands of Munadaragh [Moneydarragh] with the [?] of
Cambog suitable for the said lands Barony of Ardagh, Co. Longford ..
also lands of Cusina [Cushina,
Parish of Clonsast,
in the Barony of Coolestown]
Ballynagroland & Monevane in Barony Coolystown [Barony of Coolestown] Kings Co.
& the 7th parts of four front houses two backhouses & a
Deal Yard situate on Earl Street on the lane of Meaths Liberty & Suburbs of the City of Dublin.
WITNESS: Susanna LUNEMAN of City of Dublin widow & Simon LUNEMAN of City
of Dublin Gent. Philip JACKSON [SEAL]
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Circling back to the beginning of known land transactions,
and given that the Farrells were the pre-Cromwellian owners of much of the Co.
Longford lands owned by Jacksons, it is intriguing to see an echo of the family
names together in the same deed more than a century later:
ROD:
1835-1-133. 1832 Mar 9. Image 100 BTW John JACKSON of Schoolland Co. Longford
Gent of 1 pt & Jacob WIGGINS of Motevally Co. Longford Gent of the other.
John JACKSON stood indebted to WIGGINS for £100 and £120 …mtg lands of
Coulogue orse Windmill Hill containing 68a in Parish Edgeworthy Barony Ardagh
… total owing £260 … demised townlands of Coulogue orse Windmill Hill …
WITNESS: John FERRALL of Abbey
Street City of Dublin Attorney & William Robert WIGGINS of Edgeworthstown
Co. Longford Gent . John JACKSON [SEAL]
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So
where does all this take us? Subsequent wills, census and land records reveal
that there was an unbroken presence of the descendants of Richard Jackson well
into the mid-20th Century in the Parish of Mostrim. Ironically,
when I started to work on the research for this blog piece, I thought it would
be both simple and short. Clearly I was wrong on both counts. Sigh! Even so, it
is all part of unpuzzling the multiple migrations and inter-marriages of Jacksons
within Ireland. More to come.
Possible Richard JACKSONs who may connect to Richard Jackson of Co.
Longford.
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Other
bits for idle speculation
- There is a line of Jacksons from Mardale, Westmoreland. Albeit a generation later, their family included a Philp Jackson – an uncommon name in late-1600s Ireland. I know nothing about him.
- A 2nd Philip Jackson b. 1724 was a son of Rev. John Jackson and Anne Castleton. This family, part of the JACKSONs of Derbyshire, Berkshire, America & Dublin would have been a few steps up the socio-economic ladder from the Co. Longford Jacksons.
- The Quaker Jacksons in Ireland also included the names of Richard, Anthony, and Dorothy as common forenames, and succeeded as “strong farmers”. If this Co. Longford line were connected to them, they would have been a branch that had broken away from the Quaker faith. This family seems to have been consistently Church of Ireland in their religious affiliation throughout their 200 year tenancy in the region.
- There are a few tantalizing possible connections between Chichester and various Jacksons. After Sir Arthur, the Lord Deputy of Ireland, had died sans issue his brother Edward Chichester (1568 –1648) succeeded him. Because of various family dead-ends, the family baronetcy bounced around and ended up with a subsequent Sir Arthur Chichester (1695-1757) Earl of Donegal. He was connected through marriage to the Tindalls and hence to Sir Bradwardine Jackson (1679- bef 1739), one of the JACKSONs of Edenthorpe. NOTE: Bradwardine Jackson had holdings of his own in Ireland. Furthermore, Beresford Jackson (1668-1730) of the JACKSONs of Kirkby Lonsdale, also held leases in Co. Donegal from Arthur Chichester. There is some possible overlap with Beresford Jackson with the mention of Bradwardine Jackson in a 1718 deed with reference to both his Chichester relations and to lands in Co. Donegal: ROD: 21-291-11549.
Other Sources:
- Butler, Harriet and Butler, Harold. The black book of Edgeworthstown and other Edgeworth memories, 1587-1817. London: Faber & Gwyer, 1927.
- Nugent Family History.
- Historical sketch of the Nugent family
- The peerage of Ireland: or, A genealogical history of the present ..., Volume 1
- (No 8.) Lord Lieutenants, and Deputy Lieutenants of Counties. [King James I]
LEINSTER.
Counties.
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Lord Lieutenants.
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Deputy Lieutenants.
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Westmeath—
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Earl of Westmeath.
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Edmund Nugent
of Car∣linston.
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Mullingar—
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James Nugent of
Welsh∣town.
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Longford—
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Col. William Nugent.
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Fergus Farrel.
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Longford—
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Laurence Nugent.
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A bit that I had
deleted – but which has at least some entertainment value
The tug of war that went on over the ownership of several
townlands in Co. Longford can be traced thanks to the work of James P. Farrell.
He traces his ancestry of Farrells back to Adam of the Old Testament. Hmmmm….
But
in the year B.O. 3,500 a new race appeared to claim the island in the persons
of the Milesians, who had been long established as a considerable nation in
Spain. The Milesians were descended from Ghaedhal or Gatelus, who was the sixth
in direct descent from Noah, and Noah being the ninth patriarch from Adam,
Ghaedal was, therefore, the fifteenth patriarch in direct descent from the
first man. SOURCE: The History of Co. Longford. James P.
Farrell. 1891 page 10.
“
The ‘ O’Ferrall’
Sept, Princes of Annally, is an illustrious family of Milesian origin ;
descended from Milesius, who was king of Galicia, Andalusia, Murcia, Castile
and Portugal, and who is known as Milesius of Spain. The Milesians came into
this country several centuries before the birth of Christ. The three sons of
Milesius who left any issue were Heber, Ir and Heremon. From Ir descended
Fergus Mor, who (by Meavre, or Mab, Queen of Connaught) was the father of three
sons, respectively, Conmac, Ciar, and Core ; from Ciar are descended the
O’Connors of Kerry, who were kings Agri, Kerriensis (the O’Co1mors of Connaught
being descended from Heremon); from Core, the O’Connors of Corcomroe, and the
O’Loughlins of Burren, both territories being situate in the County of Clare;
and from the eldest son, Conmac, the O’Farrells, Kings of Conmacne (this word signifying
‘the posterity of Conmac’), which contained all that territory which we now
call the County of Longford, a large portion of the
Counties of Leitrim, Sligo and Galway, and that part of the County of Westmeath anciently called Owircncach, but more lately, ‘
Dillon’s Country.’ SOURCE: The History of Co. Longford. James P.
Farrell. 1891 page 13
"It is significant that the Nugents and Farrells continued to lease land in the parish of Mostrim long after the post-Cromwellian land confiscations. Since they were Catholic" It was sometimes that case that Catholics that had their lands confiscated but stayed on as tenants had their leases registered as registered leases had primacy in law and protected the ownership of the confiscator. IN other words, they were forced to give up all their legal rights and accept their status as tenants
ReplyDeleteGood points - and thanks. That is an aspect that I should look at more closely.
Delete